In the automotive braking system, brake shoes are key components, and their materials directly affect braking performance, durability and safety. With the advancement of materials science, the material selection of brake shoes has become increasingly diversified, and the requirements for materials in different application scenarios are also different. This article will explore the main types of brake shoes and their applicability, providing a reference for industry practitioners and consumers.
The elimination of traditional asbestos materials
In the early days, brake shoes were mostly made of asbestos because of their low cost and good friction performance. However, asbestos fibers are extremely harmful to human health, and long-term exposure may cause diseases such as lung cancer. Since the late 20th century, most countries in the world have banned the use of asbestos materials and turned to safer alternatives.
Wide application of semi-metallic materials
Semi-metallic brake shoes are one of the most common types on the market today, mainly made of a mixture of steel fibers, copper powder and other fillers. Its advantages are high temperature resistance and strong wear resistance, suitable for heavy vehicles and high-load conditions. However, the disadvantage of semi-metallic materials is that they may produce loud noise during braking and cause certain wear on the brake disc, so they are gradually replaced by other materials in mid-to-high-end passenger cars.
The rise of ceramic materials
Ceramic brake shoes have been popular in recent years, especially in the mid-to-high-end passenger car market. They are mainly composed of ceramic fibers, fillers and adhesives, and have the advantages of high temperature resistance, low noise and less dust. Ceramic materials have stable braking performance, less wear on brake discs and longer service life. However, their cost is high and they are mainly used in models with high requirements for comfort and quietness.
Economical choice of organic materials
Organic brake shoes are mainly composed of resin, rubber and fiber, with low cost and suitable for economical vehicles. Their advantages are smooth braking and low noise, but their wear resistance and high temperature resistance are relatively weak, and they are usually used in low-load conditions. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, some organic materials have begun to use recycled fibers to reduce environmental impact.
Future trends in material selection
In the future, brake shoe materials will develop in a more environmentally friendly and efficient direction. New materials such as low-metal and ceramic composites are being developed to balance braking performance, durability and environmental protection requirements. In addition, with the popularity of electric vehicles, the requirements for brake systems are also changing, and lightweight and low-dust materials will become the focus of research and development.
Choosing the right brake shoe material requires comprehensive consideration of vehicle type, use environment and cost factors. Understanding the characteristics of different materials can help make more informed decisions and ensure the safety and reliability of the brake system.
